Pakistan's Malala Yousafzai, global icon of girls' education

Islamabad: Schoolgirl activist Malala Yousafzai's courageous fightback from being shot by the Taliban has transformed her both into a symbol for human rights and a campaigner in global demand.

Few teenagers can lay claim to a Nobel prize, or say they spent their 17th birthday lobbying Nigeria's president to do more to free hundreds of girls kidnapped by Islamist militants.

But Malala is no ordinary teen.

She had already been in the public eye for years when a Taliban gunman boarded her school bus on October 9, 2012, asked "Who is Malala?", and shot her in the head.

Her father Ziauddin, a school principal and himself a seasoned campaigner for education, helped propel the precociously talented girl from the Swat valley in northwest Pakistan into the limelight.

Read: India's child rights activist Kailash Satyarthi, Pak's Malala Yousafzai win Nobel Peace Prize

At his encouragement, Malala started writing a blog for the BBC's Urdu service under a pseudonym in 2009, aged just 11, about life under the Taliban in Swat, where they were banning girls' education.

In 2007 the Islamist militants had taken over the area, which Malala affectionately called "My Swat", and imposed a brutal, bloody rule.

Opponents were murdered, people were publicly flogged for supposed breaches of sharia law, women were banned from going to market, and girls were stopped from going to school.

Her blog, written anonymously with the clarity and frankness of a child, opened a window for Pakistan onto the miseries being perpetrated within its borders.

But it was only after the shooting in 2012, and Malala's subsequent near-miraculous recovery in a British hospital, that she became a truly global figure.

Former British prime minister Gordon Brown, a UN special education envoy, visited her in hospital shortly afterwards and took up her cause with a petition which he presented to the Pakistani government.

A formidable force for human rights

She has since become something of an international star -- a formidable, and instantly recognisable force for rights.

She received a standing ovation in July 2013 for an address to the United Nations General Assembly in which she vowed she would never be silenced.

The teen went on later that year to win the European Union's prestigious Sakharov human rights prize.

The 17-year-old has also published an autobiography and been invited to tea with Queen Elizabeth II, achieving a level of fame more like that of a movie star than an education campaigner.

In an interview in 2013 with CNN's Christiane Amanpour at a sold-out public event in New York, Malala said she wanted to become prime minister of Pakistan to "save" her country.

Her autobiography "I am Malala" reveals a more girlish side to the teenager -- she is a fan of Canadian pop sensation Justin Bieber and the "Twilight" series of vampire romance novels.

But her activism has continued. On her 17th birthday earlier this year she was in Abuja, pushing president Goodluck Jonathan to meet with the parents of hundreds of girls who had been kidnapped by the Islamist group Boko Haram.

Although she missed out on the Nobel Peace Prize in 2013, she was nominated a second time this year and won along with Kailash Satyarthi, an Indian children's rights activist.

Last month, Pakistan's military said they had arrested 10 suspected Taliban militants accused of being involved in the murder attempt against her.

But bringing the men to trial will likely be a long process. In Pakistan's sclerotic legal system, cases grind through the courts for years making little progress.

The Pakistani Taliban's new hardline Jamat-ul-Ahrar faction, meanwhile, denied the military's claims, saying that of the three men responsible for trying to kill Malala, one is dead and the other two are currently at large. 

Watch: Malala Yousafzai's address at the United Nations Youth Assembly

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