Worrisome: Odisha's population growth rate consistently declines

Bhubaneswar: Odisha’s present fertility rate is just 1.8 and it is expected to further reduce to 1.2 in 2036. This apart in three districts – Rayagada, Nabarangpur and Kandhamal — the demographic transition will be higher that is expected to exceed two, indicating a significant regional inequality in demographic transition by 2036, said noted educationist, Professor Amitabh Kundu, here on Thursday.

Addressing the inaugural session of the Odisha Vikash Conclave 2023 organised by the Centre of Youth and Social Development (CYSD), Professor Kundu said government policies and schemes need to be aligned to tackle the challenges posed by demographic transition, with a greater emphasis on social security support.

Demographic transition in Odisha, according to experts, began in 1992-93. The population growth rate in the state was below 10 per cent during the last decade (2011-2021). It has consistently declined compared to the national level. Previously, Odisha's population, representing 4 per cent of India's total, has now reduced to 3.5 per cent.

As the state's aging population is projected to reach 17 per cent by 2036, the state has a unique opportunity to harness the potential arising from demographic transition, observed Mr Jagadananda, a noted social scientist and CYSD founder.

“This dividend can be tapped in two ways: first, the Gender Dividend, which involves utilizing the untapped potential of the aging female population; and second, the Silver Dividend, which entails leveraging the knowledge and expertise of older individuals," he added.

Dr R Balakrishnan, Chief Advisor (Special Initiatives) at the Office of the Chief Minister, Odisha, maintained that the state budget outlay has leaped from Rs 1 crore in 1936 to Rs 2 lakh crore now, indicating steady economic progress in the state. He underscored that Odisha’s development model is equity-based and inclusive, striving to reach the last mile individuals. Such a development model needs to be adopted nationwide. He promised to take forward the recommendations of the OVC to the appropriate level to transform them into action.

Andrea Wojnar, Country Head of the United Nations UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund), underscored that UNFPA will continue to support in conducting intensive research on new themes related to demography and development in India.