Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, or PCOS, is a common condition that affects women of reproductive age with impact from adolescence through menopause. The condition is characterised by hormone imbalance, which causes irregular periods, increased hair growth or hirsutism, and acne. PCOS mostly impacts fertility due to anovulation. While these are some of the commonly seen symptoms, it is also possible for women with PCOS to display no symptoms at all. The presentation could be heterogeneous, impacting reproductive, metabolic, and psychological aspects.
PCOS and Obesity
PCOS is associated with obesity and increased insulin resistance, therefore increasing the risk of developing diabetes, heart disease and other health conditions later in life. Women with PCOS can reduce the risk of long-term health problems by having a healthy lifestyle and maintaining normal body weight. A commonly held perception is that PCOS increases the chances of obesity, but there’s no clear indication if the condition directly impacts developing obesity. However, it’s been observed that women who are obese have higher chances of developing hormonal imbalances.
Weight Loss is Possible
The greatest myth surrounding the condition is that one can’t lose weight with PCOS. Yes, losing weight might indeed be difficult for obese women diagnosed with PCOS, although it is not impossible. As a matter of fact, reducing weight is considered to have a therapeutic effect in improving hormonal imbalance in those with PCOS. Weight management can be primarily achieved by making a few lifestyle changes. These include following a healthy diet and exercising for at least 45 minutes five days a week. Irregular sleep patterns can also exacerbate hormonal imbalance. Another commonly discussed subject is the use of obesity-reducing drugs like Glucagon-like Peptide 1 receptor agonists (Liraglutide, Semaglutide) and Orlistat to lose weight in the treatment of PCOS. The role of such drugs is considered a high-priority research area at present. Although medications like anti-obesity drugs are deemed beneficial, there is no strong evidence to support these claims.
Take an Informed Approach
It is essential to treat PCOS by understanding the symptoms and adaptation of a healthy lifestyle. Be informed about your health and seek treatment at the right time to avoid long-term health impacts caused by PCOS. Understand that managing PCOS and losing weight with it could be a slow journey, but it is essential. Be patient, take expert advice, and you will see changes in your body eventually.
Authored by Dr. Nandini Joshi, Consultant Gynaecologist and Obstetrician, Fernandez Hospital, Hyderabad
