For new parents, it’s almost impossible to resist comforting your children, even if it’s the middle of the night. But a study has found that allowing babies to gradually cry themselves to sleep doesn’t cause them any emotional harm or stress in the long term.
Researchers analysed the habits of 43 sets of parents with babies between the ages of six and 16 months that were experiencing problems sleeping. After three months of tests, babies who had been left to wail for increasing periods of time were falling asleep 13 minutes faster on an average than those who weren’t.
The parents and babies participating in the study were split into three groups: the crying-it-out group (technically known as graduated extinction), a ‘bedtime fading’ group (where parents stay in the room until the baby dozes off, and bedtime is gradually set later and later), and a control group, where no sleep training was attempted.
By the end of the study, the graduated extinction group was beating the bedtime fading group on three counts: the amount of time taken to fall asleep —by three minutes on an average; the number of times babies were waking up in the night; and total sleep time.
It’s worth noting that graduated extinction does not involve leaving a baby alone crying for hours on end, but rather slowly increasing the amount of time a crying baby is left alone. In the schedule used for this study, this “wait time” built up from two minutes to 35 minutes over the course of a week.
“It’s natural for parents to worry about having their babies cry at bedtime,” says psychologist and study leader Michael Gradisar from Flinders University in South Australia. “While it’s well documented that sleep deprivation can cause family distress, including maternal depression, we’re hoping these results will add another element to how parents view their responses and how they manage their own and their babies’ sleep behaviour.”
Based on cortisol samples taken from the babies during the experiment, there were no significant differences in terms of baby stress levels, and nor did the parents report increased stress or differences in the level of parent-child attachment.
That said, Gradisar himself admits that further independent studies are required to validate the findings of this relatively small study, so we can understand more about how these techniques work.
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