Teenage girls who diet are more likely to engage in other health-compromising behaviours, such as smoking and binge drinking, a study has found.
Researchers from University of Waterloo in Canada found that compared to girls who were not dieting at the time of initial data collection, those who were dieting were more likely to engage in one or more clusters of other risky behaviours three years later.
"It might seem natural for there to be a connection between dieting and behaviours such as smoking and skipping meals, but the explanation is not so clear for something like binge drinking," said Amanda Raffoul, who led the study.
"Our findings suggest that dieting and other risky health behaviours may be related to common underlying factors, such as poor body image," said Raffoul.
"The link between dieting and other health-compromising behaviours is worrisome since 70 per cent of girls reported dieting at some point over the three years," she said.
"Post-puberty changes often lead to weight gain among girls and there is incredible pressure from social media and elsewhere to obtain and maintain the ideal body," she added.
The study found dieters were 1.6 times more likely to smoke and skip breakfast, and 1.5 times more likely to smoke and engage in binge drinking.
"Intentional weight loss is not something we should necessarily encourage, especially among this population, since it's possible that well-meaning initiatives that promote dieting may be doing more harm than good," Raffoul added.
"Instead, we should focus on health broadly rather than weight as an indicator of health," she added.
The researchers examined data from more than 3,300 high school girls in Ontario who participated in a longitudinal school-based study called COMPASS.
"This study points to the importance of looking at factors related to health, including behaviours and the array of influences on them, in combination," said Sharon Kirkpatrick, a professor at University of Waterloo.
"Only by understanding the complex ways in which these factors interact can we identify effective interventions, as well as predict and monitor potential unintended effects of such interventions," said Kirkpatrick.
Teenage, Girls, Diet, Binge-drinking, smoking, University of Waterloo, Canada, poor body image, puberty , breakfast
